提高CCD测量精度的方法研究

提出一种大幅提高CCD的测量精度的方法。将像素间距为H的CCD器件像素行沿与被测边缘垂直方向成α角度摆放时,单线阵CCD的最大测量误差减小为Hcosα;N个线阵CCD等距错排并以α角度斜放,最大测量误差将减小为(Hcosα)/N;当列间距为h的面阵CCD沿被测对象轴向斜放时,最大测量误差减小为hsinα。分别采用单CCD和双CCD,对直径为5.000、8.000和12.000mm的3个标准杆件的直径进行了测量,结果表明,双CCD斜放可获得更高的测量精度。     

精密钢球环槽等速传动机构运动精度及可靠性分析

在分析精密钢球环槽等速传动机构结构基础上,利用其等效机构和误差分析理论,研究了钢球环槽等速传动机构结构参数对其机构传动精度的影响规律,应用机构可靠性理论,建立了钢球环槽等速传动机构的运动精度可靠性模型,并研究分析了机构的运动精度可靠性,研究结果为精密钢球行星传动的设计和应用提供了理论依据。     

基于模块化神经网络的铁水硅含量预测系统

目的 提出基于模块化神经网络的铁水硅含量预测方法,改善系统控制性能指标.方法 采用模块化神经网络预测控制策略,建立模块化神经网络预测模型,按输入物理量的性质构成4个神经网络模块,再由预测神经网络输出铁水硅含量的预测值,从而控制炉温.结果 提高了学习效率和泛化能力,有效地改善了模型的预测精度.结论 模块化神经网络铁水硅含量预测模型,将同类量进行了模块划分,通过对铁水硅含量预测,可提高炉温的控制精度和动态跟踪能力,具有结构简单、实时性好、预测精度高等特点.     

保持空间准确度与时间一致性的深度估计算法

为提高深度图的准确度,提出了一种基于图割的深度估计算法. 利用平均亮度 梯度联合匹配测度函数代替单像素亮度匹配,并考虑邻近像素深度相关性改变图割网络结构,提高深度估计的空间准确度;采用前一时刻同位置像素的深度约束当前时刻像素的深度值,使估计的深度图在时间上保持一致. 提出的算法考虑了深度图的空间、时间特征,可以提高深度图的准确度. 实验结果表明,与传统的基于图割的深度估计算法相比,新算法估计的深度图更加准确.     

Ad hoc网络时钟同步研究*

为解决时钟同步方案存在依赖特殊节点以及算法精度不高等问题,在组网过程与自组网互同步相结合的基础上,完成网络节点的时钟同步,并通过测量网络延迟以提高同步精度.方案在一跳场景下验证,可将误差维持在15μs左右,提高了同步精度,并且本方案不需要特殊节点,各个节点只需要收到一个同步帧就可以自发地调整时钟,同步帧的开销小、实现简单,适用于多跳和灵活易变的Ad hoc网络.     

适合WSN的超宽带两步TOA估计算法

结合低速率能量检测与高速率匹配滤波的两步超宽带TOA估计算法适合WSN定位。通过采样获得低速率能量序列,找出直达路径(direct path,DP)在序列中的位置,即TOA粗估计。在该能量采样周期内进行相关滤波,由相关峰确定DP位置,即TOA精确估计。能量采样周期、能量块选择门限、相关峰检测门限是TOA估计的关键参数,对它们进行讨论,并给出一种基于最大最小能量比(MMR)的归一化门限模型。在IEEE 802.15.4a信道下的仿真结果表明：算法的运算量低于单一滤波匹配算法,精度优于基于能量检测的非相干算法     

A novel initial ranging algorithm for OFDMA systems using smart antenna

To improve the capacity of initial ranging （IR） users simultaneously accessing into network and enhance the performance of the IR, a novel IR algorithm is presented for the orthogonal frequency division multiple access systems with the smart antenna. The beamforming weight vectors provided by the antenna array are introduced for the IR users, and the procedures of the multiuser parameter estimation and the interference cancellation are designed. The proposed method can improve the accuracy of the channel estimation of active paths and efficiently reduce the residual multiple access interference. Simulation results show that the proposed method has a much better performance than the available successive multiuser detection and interference cancellation algorithm and accommodates more active ranging users simultaneously accessing into a cell.     

基于多重网格的地表水文与二维水动力动态双向耦合模型研究

针对流域洪涝模拟模型的计算精度、格式稳定性及计算效率等问题,本文提出基于多重网格技术的地表水文与二维水动力动态双向耦合模型(M-DBCM)。地表水文模型采用非线性水库法模拟降雨产流和径流;二维水动力模型采用浅水方程模拟洪水演进过程。采用不同分辨率的网格划分计算区域,在粗网格区域采用地表水文模型模拟降雨径流过程;在细网格区域采用二维水动力模型模拟洪涝积水区的水流运动。地表水文和二维水动力模型通过内部耦合移动界面(Coupling Moving Interface, CMI)实现无缝连接,保证通过CMI的水量和动量等通量守恒,提高模型的模拟精度。采用时间显式格式同时求解地表水文和水动力模型,在不同区域采用不同的计算时间步长,以提高模型的计算效率。通过典型案例验证本文构建的耦合模型的性能,结果表明本文提出的动态双向耦合模型能够在保证模拟精度的同时提高计算效率。     

A pair of parallel differential magnetic‐field probes with high measurement accuracy and high electric‐field suppression ratio

Magnetic‐field probes can be used for electromagnetic interference measurement of high‐speed circuits. The main magnetic probe performance includes sensitivity, spatial resolution, electric‐field suppression ratio (EFSR), and measurement accuracy. In this article, a pair of differential magnetic‐field probes is proposed to improve measurement accuracy without reducing sensitivity. The proposed differential probes consist of two asymmetric loop probes, which are designed in the same plane and separated by a row of periodic vias. The proposed differential probes are fabricated under PCB process. High accuracy can be achieved by measuring difference between outputs of the two probes. In addition, EFSR can be improved by size optimization of the differential magnetic‐field probes. Simulation and measurement results show the operating bandwidth is from 100 MHz to 12 GHz, the measurement error is 3.4% and the EFSR is about 40 dB. The proposed probes have higher measurement accuracy and higher EFSR than the conventional single probe, and larger operation bandwidth than the stacked differential probes.